Strangest Pre-Historical Animals

1) large Rodent:

Josephoartigasia is associate degree extinct genus of huge gnawing animal from the first to Late epoch relating to the living pacarana. The genus includes the foremost necessary illustrious gnawing animal, Josephoartigasia monesi. the 2 species would have resembled large pacarana, or capybaras the size of cows.The species is one in every of 2 at intervals the Josephoartigasia genus, the opposite being J. magna. J. monesi is commonly aforesaid as a result of the large pacarana, once its nighest living relative, the pacarana at intervals the family Dinomyidae. The species may have weighed associate degree outsize amount, significantly larger than its nighest living relative, the pacarana.The rodent's dire front teeth and large size might area unit accustomed fight over females for breeding rights and may even have helped defend against predators, furthermore as carnivorous marsupials, saber-toothed cats, and terror birds.The rodent may have lived in associate degree water surroundings or a delta system with forest communities,and may have eaten soft vegetation.It has been categorical that J. monesi presumptively wolfed aquatic plants and fruits, as a results of its molars unit of mensuration very little and not wise for grass or totally different abrasive . Larger mammals even have the advantage of access to low-quality food resources, reasonably like wood, that smaller species unit of mensuration unable to digest.

2) Deinotherium :

Deinotherium is that the “terrible beast”, lived twenty one,000,000 years past.It is a sort of elephants shorter trunk, and had a curved  tusks down that is connected to the jowl.Deinotherium is that the genus of the family Deinotheriidae, that evolved from the smaller, early epoch Prodeinotherium. These proboscideans represent a very distinct line of method descent to it of various elephants, one that nearly all likely diverged terribly early at intervals the history of the cluster as a full. the massive cluster to that elephants belong once contained many various connected groups: besides the deinotheres, there ar the gomphotheres. 3 species unit of mensuration recognized, all of nice size. Deinotherium giganteum is that the species, and is delineate on prime of. it's primarily a late epoch species, commonest in Europe, and is that the entirely species illustrious from the circum-Mediterranean. Its last reportable incidence is from the center epoch of Balkan nation. a whole bone, found at intervals the Lower epoch beds of Eppelsheim, Hesse-Darmstadt in 1836, was four foot long and three foot wide, indicating associate degree animal surpassing stylish elephants in size. Deinotherium indicum is that the Asian species, illustrious from Republic of Asian nation and land. it's distinguished by a innumerable durable dentition and p4-m3 intravalley tubercles.

3) Phorusrhacids:

Phorusrhacids, informally aforesaid as terror birds, unit of mensuration associate degree extinct grouping of massive carnivorous apteral birds that were the foremost necessary species of apex predators in South America throughout the geological time era; their temporal vary covers from sixty a pair of to one.8 million years past.They were roughly 1–3 metres tall. Their nighest fashionable relatives unit of mensuration believed to be the eighty cm-tall seriemas. Titanis walleri, one in every of the larger species, is besides illustrious in North America from TX and province. This makes the phorusrhacids the sole illustrious Brobdingnagian South yank predator to migrate north throughout the good yank Interchange, that commenced once the Isthmus of Panama land bridge rose regarding ten to fifteen Ma. Most phorusrhacids were in no time and agile. All members possessed associate degree outsize, sharp beak, a strong neck and sharp talons. However, even with these attributes, the phorusrhacids unit of mensuration assumed to possess preyed on smaller animals which may be sent with a minimum of struggle. this might flow from to the actual incontrovertible fact that with the phorusrhacids' beak proportions, the jaw couldn't generate an outstanding deal of bite force with that to kill the prey.

4) Quetzalcoatlus :

The first Quetzalcoatlus fossils were discovered in TX, u. s.. It lived around seventy to sixty five.5 million years past.It is one in every of the foremost necessary illustrious flying animals of all time. it's a member of the family Azhdarchidae, a family of advanced toothless pterosaurs with remarkably long, stiffened necks. Its name comes from the Mesoamerican feathered serpent god god.Mass estimates for giant azhdarchids unit of mensuration very problematic as a results of no existing species share an identical size or body prepare, and in consequence written results vary wide. whereas some studies have traditionally found very low weight estimates for Quetzalcoatlus, as low as seventy kilograms.

5) Deinocheirus:

Deinocheirus is also a genus of massive ornithomimosaur that lived throughout the Late Cretaceous around seventy million years past. In 1965, a try of massive arms, shoulder girdles, and kind of totally different bones of a replacement archosaurian were 1st discovered at intervals the Nemegt Formation of Mongolia. In 1970, this specimen became the instance of the sole species at intervals the genus, saurischian dinosaur mirificus; the genus name is Greek for "horrible hand".Deinocheirus was associate degree uncommon ornithomimosaur, the foremost necessary of the grouping at eleven m (36 ft) long, and deliberation vi.36 t . although it had been associate degree outsize animal, it had several hollow bones that saved weight. The arms were among the foremost necessary of any two-footed archosaurian at a pair of.4 m long, with large, blunt claws on its three-fingered hands. The legs were comparatively short, and bore blunt claws. Its vertebrae had tall neural spines that intentional a "sail" on its back.The classification of saurischian dinosaur was long unsure, and it had been at the start placed at intervals the saurischian dinosaur cluster carnosauria, however similarities with ornithomimosaurians were quickly noted. once innumerable complete remains were found, saurischian dinosaur was shown to be a primitive ornithomimosaurian, most closely relating to the smaller genera Garudimimus and Beishanlong, on forming the family Deinocheiridae. Members of this cluster weren't made-to-order for speed, in distinction to totally different ornithomimosaurs. saurischian dinosaur is assumed to possess been omnivorous; its bone kind indicates a diet of plants, fish scales were found in association with one specimen and gastroliths were besides gift at intervals the abdomen region of the specimen.

6) Microraptor :Microraptor was a genus of tiny, four-winged paravian dinosaurs. varied healthy fossil specimens area unit recovered from Liaoning, China. They originate the first Cretaceous Jiufotang Formation , one hundred twenty million years past. 3 species area unit named, although associate degreey study has steered each|that each} in an exceedinglyll|one amongst|one in every of} them represent variation {in a|during a|in an exceedingly|in a terribly} very single species, that is properly aforesaid as M. zhaoianus. Cryptovolans, at the start delineate as another four-winged archosaurian, is commonly thought-about to be a equivalent word of Microraptor.well-preserved fossils of Microraptor provide vital proof regarding the method relationship between birds and dinosaurs. Microraptor had long pennaceous feathers that intentional mechanics surfaces on the arms and tail however besides on the legs.Microraptor was among the foremost ample non-avialan dinosaurs in its theme, and so the genus is delineate by innumerable fossils than the other dromaeosaurid, with presumably over three hundred fossil specimens delineate across varied repository collections.

7) Therizinosauridae

Therizinosauridae ("reaper lizards") is also a family of saurischian dinosaur dinosaurs whose fossil remains area unit dated to the Mid-to-Late Cretaceous (100 to seventy mya). although representative fossils have entirely been found throughout China, Mongolia, and so the u. s., the vary of Therizinosauridae was believed to possess spanned thick of the supercontinent of continent at its height.Therizinosauridae was named once the massive, claw-bearing complicated part found on the hand of members at intervals the cluster. This feature has diode to very little insight regarding the ecology of the family, and so the aim of the claw remains unknown.Other notable aspects of the physiology of those animals embrace a changed pelvis, durable hind-limbs, and a very derived, nearly vertebrate inner-ear. Moreover, the larger assortment cluster of Therizinosauroidea is believed to be the earliest cluster throughout that straightforward feathers area unit documented.Research into therizinosaurids must boot centered on uncovering innumerable regarding the distinctive ecology and paleontology of the family. an honest portion of recent analysis has targeted on the feeding-patterns of those reptiles, as they're thought-about to be the foremost effective regarded candidate for the emergence of herbivory at intervals order.

8) Helicoprion is also an extended genus of extinct, shark-like eugeneodontid homalocephalid fish. most fossil specimens unit of mensuration of spirally organized clusters of the individuals' teeth, aforesaid as "tooth whorls." Helicoprion 1st arose at intervals the oceans of the first period. 290 million years past, survived the Permian–Triassic extinction event, and eventually became extinct throughout the first Triassic, 250 million years past. Its name is Greek for "spiral saw". The nighest living relatives of Helicoprion unit of mensuration the chimaeras. the sole illustrious fossils of this genus on record were their teeth, that were organized {in a|during a|in associate degree exceedingly|in a terribly} terribly "tooth-whorl" powerfully admire associate degree influence saw. as a results of the skeletons of chondrichthyan fish unit of mensuration boughten from tissue, furthermore as those of Helicoprion and totally different eugeneodonts, the whole body disintegrates once it begins to decay unless exceptional circumstances preserve it. it had been not until the invention of the bone of a connected genus of eugeneodont, Ornithoprion, that it had been complete that the tooth-whorl was at intervals the jowl. The tooth-whorl delineate all the teeth created by that individual at intervals the lower jaw; as a results of the individual grew, the older, smaller teeth were captive into the middle of the whorl by larger newer teeth showing.

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